![]() As one moves across a periodic table the elements have an increasing amount of protons causing for a greater pull or attraction between protons and electrons thus because the electrons are drawn to the nucleus the atomic radius grows smaller. Within a period, protons are added to the nucleus as electrons are being added to the same principal energy level. There are some small exceptions, such as the oxygen radius being slightly greater than the nitrogen radius. The atomic radius decreases because the attraction between the protons and electrons grows greater. The atomic radius of atoms generally decreases from left to right across a period. The trend for atomic radius across a period is from left to right the atomic radius decreases. The reason is equally obvious - you are adding extra. Because there is no attraction pulling the electrons and protons together, the atomic radius remains larger. It is fairly obvious that the atoms get bigger as you go down groups. The shielding electrons get in the way and block attraction between the nucleus(proton location) and the outer energy levels(electron location). The shielding factor reduces the attraction between electrons on the outer energy level and the nucleus because the shielding electrons do just what they say they do. Because of these two trends, the largest atoms are found in the lower left corner of the periodic table, and the smallest are found in the upper right corner (Figure 8.2. ![]() The second reason the atomic radius grows larger the farther down a group because of the shielding factor. In the periodic table, atomic radii decrease from left to right across a row and increase from top to bottom down a column. The atom has to adopt more energy levels to make room for the extra electrons causing the electron cloud and thus the atomic radius to grow bigger. The first being that the atomic radius grows bigger because the farther down the periodic table the more electrons an atom has. The atomic radius will increase from top to bottom because of two reasons. The distance from the center of the atom to the valence electrons of the atom decreases across a period. The top to the bottom the atomic radius increases. Trend for groups(columns on the periodic table) is starting from It has a common pattern or trend for that apply for The atomic radius is defined and measured by one half theĭistance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together.
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